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What do Scotland and Wales’s 2026 party manifestos mean for R&D?

29 Apr 2026

Florence Young

Senior Public Opinion and Policy Officer

CaSE takes a look at what the 2026 manifestos of political parties for the Holyrood and Senedd elections could mean for R&D.

On Thursday 7 May, voters will go to the polls across Scotland and Wales. These 2026 Holyrood and Senedd elections offer the research and development (R&D) sector an opportunity to nurture a new cohort of supporters among elected representatives in these two parliaments. As part of CaSE’s programme to raise the profile of R&D among MSPs and MSs, we have been working with our members and partners to engage with candidates standing for election, support a STEMM hustings, and review how the party manifestos in each nation might impact R&D.

R&D in the manifestos

CaSE has analysed manifestos from the parties polling at >5% of voting intention across both nations, to understand where R&D features and how this might shape the political landscape for R&D in the years ahead. We have analysed both direct references to R&D and closely-associated topics (such as research, innovation, universities and spin-outs) as well as other areas that have an R&D component or could indirectly affect R&D in the nations (such as in skills, business and start-up support, and other national priorities).  

Across parties in both nations, there is promising recognition of the value of research and innovation, and the strengths of R&D institutions, in various contexts throughout the range of manifestos. However, the term “R&D” itself is rarely mentioned, and the absence of clear R&D investment targets shows there is an urgent need for the sector to proactively engage with all parties to push for clear goals that can help generate accountability. The sector must articulate the need for sustained R&D investment by devolved Governments in delivering benefits for people across Scotland and Wales.

CaSE will be contacting all elected MSs and MSPs after the May elections, sharing constituency-level insights into public appetite for R&D-related action, local R&D case studies, and equipping and encouraging them to champion R&D in the next Parliamentary term. We urge the sector to join us in advocating for R&D in Scotland and Wales.

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Top takeaways:

Few manifestos mention the term “research and development” or “R&D” directly and no party in either nation specifies a target or quantified ambition for R&D investment levels over the next parliamentary term. Only Plaid Cymru say that they will set a target for R&D as part of their economic vision, but they do not include further details in the manifesto.
Most mentions of support for R&D, research, or innovation in both Scotland and Wales appear in the context of other national priorities, such as the health, agriculture or energy sectors.
Many manifestos focus on strengthening and aligning skills, including through apprenticeships and upskilling, and on supporting businesses, both of which could benefit the R&D sector. In Wales there is an emphasis on achieving parity between technical and academic higher education skills pathways. In Scotland the emphasis leans towards aligning skills and apprenticeships with industry to address gaps.
While some do not, many parties mention ambitions to address the financial sustainability of higher education and universities, which will have continuing implications for R&D activity. This issue was apparent in both Wales, with Welsh Labour, Plaid Cymru, Reform UK and Welsh Liberal Democrats all mentioning plans, and in Scotland, with Scottish Labour, Scottish National Party, Scottish Greens and Scottish Liberal Democrats all including commitments on higher education sustainability.
Immigration policies feature in most manifestos and, while some such as the Scottish Green Party and both Scottish and Welsh Liberal Democrats say they will put pressure on UK Government to strengthen the UK’s offer to – and numbers of – international students, very few manifestos refer to international talent and its role in supporting a skilled UK workforce.

Parties in Scotland:

Scottish Labour Party

Support for R&D

Scottish Labour’s manifesto sets an ambition to increase innovation and highlights the role of innovation in helping Scottish businesses stay competitive, open new markets, and build resilient local supply chains. It sets a target to improve R&D so it matches the UK average (though it does not specify by what metric) through measures such as improving advice on, and access to, R&D tax reliefs for businesses, incentivising R&D through government procurement, and connecting R&D organisations through innovation clusters for key growth sectors. The manifesto also states they will establish a National Data Library to support researchers.

Universities, higher education and skills

The manifesto emphasises the strength and global standing of Scotland’s universities and their research, the jobs the sector creates, and its contribution to the economy. It acknowledges the challenges facing the sector and sets out plans to protect universities, including supporting their research capacity. It also sets out ambitions on apprenticeship support and aligning skills policy with industrial strategy, which could benefit the R&D sector in Scotland.

Business R&D

The manifesto outlines various measures to support business R&D and innovation, including support for scale-ups, expanding government procurement plans, refocusing the Scottish National Investment Bank’s innovation mission, and setting out ambitions to increase Scotland’s spin out rate to match the UK average through dedicated funding to support business-university collaboration. It also specifically mentions dedicated support for innovative businesses in the creative industries.

R&D in national priorities

Research, or R&D, are directly mentioned in the context of other national priorities such as in tackling violence against women and girls, where research and evidence-based interventions will be used, and in energy, with references to developing small modular nuclear power reactors and the expansion on renewable energy infrastructure.

In the context of modernising the NHS, the manifesto recognises Scotland’s world-leading universities and research facilities and states an ambition for people in Scotland to access the cutting edge of research and treatments. It describes several ways they will support this type of R&D including protecting research time for NHS consultants, modernising health data systems, securing participation in UK-wide clinical trials, improved business and entrepreneurial support for university R&D and health spin outs and reviewing approval and procurement of new medicines.

Scottish Conservative Party

Universities, higher education and skills

The Scottish Conservatives commit to retaining free university tuition for Scottish students but do not mention the financial challenges facing universities. The manifesto refers to a wider reorganisation of the skills and further/higher education landscape to address skills gaps in the economy. This includes the introduction of a new Skills Bill to establish a permanent framework for cooperation between businesses and further/higher educational establishments – to swiftly identify skills gaps – and measures to support and expand the number of apprenticeships available.

Business R&D

The manifesto emphasises the need to remove barriers to entrepreneurs and businesses, setting out their ambitions to simplify the public sector procurement process and to create a one-stop-shop for businesses for funding and regulatory issues, called Growth Scotland. This entity would be a merger of Scottish Enterprise, Skills Development Scotland and the Scottish National Investment Bank, and would run independently of ministers.

The party also seek to support growth-driving sectors through establishing Centres of Excellence for Scottish Industry (CESI). They state that the CESI would act as a hub where the Scottish Government, Growth Scotland, businesses, universities and others would collaborate to develop the infrastructure and policies needed to allow these industries to thrive.

R&D in national priorities

Research strengths and ambitions are mentioned in the context of dementia care. The Scottish Conservatives highlight that Scotland has world-leading research facilities in neurological research, and that they would boost research funding into dementia.

In reference to energy, the manifesto notes the potential in Scotland’s renewable industries, specifically mentioning offshore wind, and an ambition to explore new forms of energy generation such as green hydrogen and support (including tax reliefs) for companies developing these technologies. They also state that they would bring nuclear energy back into Scotland’s energy mix, including new nuclear technology like small modular reactors, and back training schemes for jobs in nuclear industry.

Scottish National Party (SNP)

Support for R&D

The SNP commit to establishing regional economic partnerships to cluster innovation and investment in emerging industries by linking research, universities and businesses. This includes developing a Glasgow-Edinburgh Arc and an East Coast Arc between Aberdeen, Dundee and St Andrews, and notes a role for the creative sectors in this as a force for enterprise, social renewal and cross-sector innovation.

Universities, higher education and skills

The SNP highlight Scotland’s colleges and universities as anchors of economic and social progress, and vital partners in their mission to create a robust, resilient wellbeing economy. Their manifesto pledges to deliver two reviews – the Shape of Future Funding Framework for universities and the College Sector of the Future Programme. They also commit to increasing the number of apprenticeships to deliver 150,000 over the next Parliament, introduce an Apprenticeship Accelerator Grant, and emphasise the need for a UK immigration policy that brings in people to work in Scottish businesses, universities and public services.

Business R&D

The manifesto sets out a range of measures to support start-ups that could benefit R&D, including the First Minister’s Start-up Challenge and the Journey Fund – both of which support entrepreneurs from disadvantaged or under-represented backgrounds – and expanding the Techscaler programme to areas of strength for Scotland such as games and immersive arts, creative industries, food and drink, energy transition and climate/agri-tech, advanced manufacturing and space technology.

R&D in national priorities

Support for R&D and innovation, either directly or indirectly, is seen in various healthcare policies including:

  • Bringing together NHS, academia and life sciences industry to bring more clinical trials to Scotland, with specific mention of how this will generate economic growth and create jobs in addition to access to new medicines.
  • Devising a long-term plan to cluster funding for R&D in rare, neuro-progressive conditions like motor neuron disease
  • Trialling and piloting innovations in preventative health, including through using cutting-edge technology
  • Developing new, lower cost diagnostic tests for the most common cancers.
  • Funding new research into menstrual health to support Women’s Health.

We also see support in other R&D relevant areas such as aquaculture and energy:

  • Investment in the aquaculture sector, including through a Sustainable aquaculture innovation centre
  • Investment in offshore wind, solar, pumped storage and emerging technologies.
  • While the SNP state they would not support nuclear power, they commit to the development and operation of renewable power generation.

Reform UK (Scotland)

Support for R&D

Although R&D is not mentioned directly, the Reform UK manifesto for Scotland emphasises the legacy of innovation in Scotland and its history of invention and discovery. The manifesto highlights Scotland’s workforce strengths in business, science and technology, education and healthcare.

Universities, higher education and skills

In reference to a Scottish Skills Strategy, the Reform UK manifesto highlights Scotland’s strengths in 10 areas: Financial Services, Advanced Manufacturing, Energy, Food & Drink, Tourism & Hospitality, Creative Industries, Life Sciences, Agriculture, Fisheries and Marine. It states that resources in education, skills and training will be focused on these areas to offer opportunities for young people and lists measures including support for apprenticeships, entrepreneurship and reskilling for lifelong learning.

Although Reform UK pledge to undertake a comprehensive review of Scotland’s university funding, they do not mention the financial challenges facing the sector and state that this review is “to ensure degrees are meaningful, value-for-money and grounded in genuine academic merit rather than EDI [equality, diversity and inclusion]  or sustainability metrics.”

Their manifesto includes an ambition to re-direct students from further education at universities towards technical colleges with multi-year funding to support graduates into career pathways described as “AI-proof”.

R&D in national priorities

Reform UK’s manifesto includes several commitments on energy, which are likely to impact Scotland’s R&D sector. A number of these proposals may benefit certain areas of the sector, such as revising and simplifying the planning system to fast-track permissions for certain types of energy infrastructure or their ambition to lift the ban on nuclear facilities. However, other actions could lead to uncertainty for many energy-related R&D organisations in Scotland, such as the scrapping of existing NetZero targets and subsidies.

On the NHS, the manifesto does not mention research but refers to embracing technology in healthcare, including AI.

Universities, higher education and skills

The Scottish Green Party manifesto sets out a clear supportive stance on further and higher education, stating they will set out a vision that values the sector’s role in building a fairer, greener Scotland, that they will improve working conditions in universities and colleges, and that they will actively promote and participate in cross-party discussions led by the higher education sector to find a sustainable funding model for universities.

They provide a range of measures, including focuses on improving governance, maximising income from the private sector, upskilling and retraining offers, and advocating for supportive immigration policy by UK Government to strengthen Scotland’s offer to international students. They also state that they will “oppose the marketisation of higher education and artificially competitive funding mechanisms such as the Research Excellence Framework and Teaching Excellence Framework”.

The manifesto also mentions streamlining Scotland’s apprenticeship system in partnership with colleges and universities.

R&D in national priorities

While there is no mention of R&D in its own right, the manifesto includes support for research in the context of certain NHS policy areas. These include:

  • Increasing institutional research and innovation funding to support cancer research to identify new treatments
  • Filling evidence-gaps in transgender treatment options by introducing robust, accessible research trials
  • Funding research into women’s health inequalities, including into inequalities in maternal health outcomes for minority ethnic pregnant people.

They also set out plans relevant to R&D in agriculture and energy, including:

  • A pledge to restore funding to Scotland’s internationally renowned agricultural research institutes, supporting climate change-adaptions in food production.
  • Reference to strengths in renewable energy, and offering stability for the wave and tidal sectors though establishing a world-leading offshore wind test site.
  • A commitment to double Just Transition funding to £1bn, using it to support new jobs and reskilling, and directly invest in infrastructure which creates and supports new Green Jobs.

The manifesto also states they would introduce a new conditionality to public funding of museums and cultural assets to make recipients commit to researching, interpreting, and sharing historic links to colonialism and slavery.

Scottish Liberal Democrats

Universities, higher education and skills

The Scottish Liberal Democrats outline their ambition to safeguard the future of Scotland’s world-leading universities with measures including creating the conditions for them to successfully compete for UK-wide research funding and increasing their offer to overseas researchers and students through Erasmus+ and a proposed US scheme for cancer researchers (see below). Various other commitments that they set out to improve Scotland’s skills systems may benefit the R&D workforce, including increasing the uptake of apprenticeships, aligning courses with a new skills strategy and strengthening lifelong learning opportunities.

On university financial sustainability the manifesto states that the Scottish Liberal Democrats will continue working towards a cross-party cross-sector consensus on the future funding of colleges and universities.

Business R&D

The manifesto states that the party will create a stable business environment with smart regulation and through investing in skills, infrastructure, research and innovation. The Scottish Liberal Democrats single out unlocking investment and growth in the games industry by creating a Games Innovation Centre alongside regional hubs, to develop expertise and research, fair work, business skills and low-cost office space for start-up studios.

R&D in national priorities

The manifesto commits to a range of public health and NHS healthcare measures that could benefit R&D in Scotland in areas such as cancer treatments and genetic screening, addressing inequalities in women’s health research, and research into the health impacts of vaping. It also refers to proposals for a UK-wide Cancer Research Fellowship Scheme to welcome scientists leaving the US research environment to continue their cancer research in the UK.

The R&D sector may benefit from measures on clean energy and sustainability, including support for:

  • Low-carbon and sustainable developments in the aviation industry
  • Investment and innovation in tidal and wave power
  • Investment in green infrastructure, innovation and skills
  • Wide-spread adoption of innovations in agriculture from Scotland’s rural research institutes

In the context of food production, the manifesto mentions using science to bring down costs, improve resilience and protect Scotland’s reputation for research.

Parties in Wales:

Universities, higher education and skills

The Welsh Labour party explicitly recognises the vital role of college and universities in the Welsh economy and mentions working closely with trade unions and sector leaders to protect the long-term futures of colleges and universities.

The manifesto commits to supporting Welsh universities by not introducing a levy on international student tuition fees, details of which were announced by the UK Government in the 2025 Autumn Budget. The party states their ambition for Wales to reap the benefits of rejoining Erasmus+ by continuing to promote Wales as a destination for study and research.

Welsh Labour set out skills policies that may benefit R&D including a new Lifelong Retraining Guarantee, legislation to increase parity between colleges and universities, delivering 100,000 all-age apprenticeships targeted at sectors such as construction and renewable energy as well as establishing heritage skills apprenticeships.

Business R&D

The manifesto sets out an ambition to power the next industrial revolution through several R&D-intensive sectors: clean energy, advanced manufacturing, and digital innovation. It pledges to create a new AI Innovation Fund offering grants for community and SME-led projects in areas like health, transport, and responding to the climate emergency. It also promises grants for young entrepreneurs and match-funding for university spinouts.

R&D in national priorities

On healthcare, the manifesto commits to accelerating access to new approved treatments through a New Treatment Fund and supporting cutting-edge research into women’s health under their Women’s Health Plan.

Ambitions on energy may benefit the R&D sector in Wales, such as the manifestos commitment to major energy projects like new nuclear at Wylfa and the rapid expansion of renewable energy.

Other sectors where innovation is mentioned include in rail, and in supporting Welsh language technology with ring-fenced AI funding.

Welsh Conservative Party

Support for R&D

While rarely mentioned directly, support for innovation, research and STEM subjects features indirectly in many other Welsh Conservative Party priority areas, particularly in education and business policies.

Universities, higher education and skills

The manifesto sets out proposed changes to tuition and courses including piloting a £1,000 tuition fee discount for those studying STEM subjects, and introducing intensive two-year university degrees. It does not mention the financial challenges facing universities in Wales.

The Welsh Conservatives commit to several skills policies that may benefit R&D including delivering 125,000 apprenticeships over the next Senedd term, ensuring parity between technical and academic education, introducing lifelong learning entitlements, establishing a STEM focused Defence Academy for Wales, and promoting entrepreneurship by establishing a social enterprise in every secondary school.

Business R&D

The manifesto pledges to establish a world-leading manufacturing innovation centre, led by the private sector, in North East Wales. Other planned business support that could benefit R&D includes developing growth strategies and prioritising investment in a range of industries, promoting marine energy projects, modernising the steel industry, and supporting nuclear energy opportunities at Wylfa and Trawsfynydd.

R&D in national priorities

Welsh Conservatives draw together support for R&D under their commitments to energy, pledging to partner with Welsh universities and the private sector to create a new centre of excellence and research into energy storage and transportation.

They also set out ambitions to use modern technology to improve monitoring of water quality.

On healthcare, R&D is not mentioned directly, but the manifesto states the party will Create a Cancer Treatments Fund and a Rare Disease Fund so that doctors can use the most innovative, life-saving treatments for cancer and rare diseases.

Support for R&D

Plaid Cymru state their economic vision will be underpinned by clear targets, including one on research and innovation, although further details on this target are not provided in their manifesto. Innovation is referred to extensively throughout their manifesto and they restate their commitment to call for Wales’s share of UK research funding to be devolved.

Universities, higher education and skills

The manifesto recognises the excellence of Welsh higher education, that the sector drives innovation, and how deeply universities are embedded in their communities. It acknowledges the financial pressures facing the higher education sector in Wales and declining university attendance numbers for home students and states that the party will put universities on a new and sustainable footing for the future. The party commits to commissioning an independent review of higher education and how it is funded in Wales to build cross-party consensus on a sustainable way forward for our universities.

The manifesto sets out a wider skills strategy, including carrying out a national skills audit, that could benefit R&D more broadly through commitments such as equipping Welsh workers with the skills needed to take advantage of digital growth and innovation and expanding apprenticeships and placements opportunities.

Business R&D

The manifesto outlines measure to help Welsh businesses to grow, innovate and create jobs including by creating a new, arms-length, business-led National Development Agency for Wales. Ambitions for this Agency include offering a one-stop-shop for business support, coordinating regional business growth, supporting many R&D-intensive growth sectors, prioritising supporting and growing Welsh-owned SMEs and start-ups and fostering innovative connections between universities, tech developers and Welsh businesses. The party states they will train government procurement officers in best practice in innovative procurement.

The manifesto specifically mentions the South Wales semiconductor cluster, and supporting its continued development to secure the full benefits of data campuses for local supply chains, skills development, and high-quality job opportunities.

In their Diaspora Strategy, Plaid Cymru state this will promote Wales as a place for diaspora entrepreneurs to invest and will include structured investment frameworks to create clear pathways for the investment in Welsh businesses, research, and regional development projects. The strategy will facilitate short-term placements for diaspora professionals in Welsh institutions, startups, and research initiatives.

R&D in national priorities

Various examples of innovation support are mentioned in the context of energy, the environment and agriculture, such as developing mine-water heat networks as a clean heat source or driving innovation and business development in food and farming, fisheries and aquaculture and the timber industry.

Encouraging innovation is referenced in the context of other priorities such as modernising and digitising the NHS, adopting AI and emerging technologies in the public and private sector, in new construction methods and building materials for social housing, in crime reduction approaches and in support for the creative industries.

The manifesto outlines plans for research into political and economic questions relevant to Wales’ constitutional future through a new National Commission for Wales.

Reform UK (Wales)

Universities, higher education and skills

The Reform UK manifesto for Wales recognises that universities are central to Wales’s economic future – educating a highly skilled workforce, supporting regional economies, engaging with business, attracting international talent, and carrying out research that addresses major economic and societal challenges. Reform state they will embed universities within Wales’s growth strategy, and support a sustainable funding model for Welsh universities. They mention ensuring that university courses represent value for money and sufficiently equip graduates for the workplace.

Measures the party sets out on higher/further education include reviewing the capital requirements of Welsh universities to ensure modern teaching, research, and digital infrastructure can be maintained, encouraging universities to align with and contribute to initiatives such as the Anglesey Freeport, Wylfa and AI Growth Zones, to strengthen skills, research, and innovation capacity, and supporting technical and vocational further education to achieve parity with university education opportunities.

R&D in national priorities

Policies on energy in the manifesto could have implications for the R&D sector, with pledges to dismantle Natural Resources Wales, scrap Net Zero targets, ban onshore wind and solar farms, terminate heat pump funding and end energy subsidies likely to negatively impact organisations investing in R&D in these areas. Whereas their commitments to upgrade electricity grid infrastructure and enable nuclear power development, including deploying small modular reactors could potentially bring benefits for R&D in those sectors.

The manifesto also refers to modernising and digital improvements in the NHS and investing in modern diagnostic technologies and treatments for cancer.  

Support for R&D

The Welsh Green Party state they will push for the same devolved powers as Scotland on a range of areas, including R&D, and for reformation of the Barnett formula so that Wales receives fair funding for investment.

The manifesto references research as an area where international collaboration is important and that they will strengthen Wales’s international engagement, particularly with European partners. In line with this, they will commission an independent assessment of Brexit’s impact on Wales, examining how leaving EU research programmes has affected the Welsh economy and society.

Universities, higher education and skills

The Welsh Green Party note that further education colleges, universities and apprenticeship opportunities are vital not only for educating young people but also in supporting Wales’s future workforce and economic development. The party pledges to launch an independent review of the further education sector to ensure provision meets the needs of students, employers and staff. They state long-term investment will expand course availability and support the development of skills needed for healthcare, renewable energy and other green industries. Separately they will commission an independent review of university funding and student support, which would include a pathway to sustainably lowering tuition fees.

In terms of their wider skills agenda, the manifesto outlines a National Green Jobs Plan to strengthen skills needed for renewable energy deployment, building retrofitting, land restoration and environmental innovation. It states the Welsh Greens will invest in training and apprenticeships to build a national retrofit workforce, working with Medr, colleges and training providers to develop skills in insulation, heat pump installation and sustainable construction.

Business R&D

The manifesto sets out several measures that could benefit R&D businesses including  transforming procurement so that it actively supports local businesses, SMEs, cooperatives and social enterprises and improving access to start-up grants and finance for initiatives such as retrofit housing.

R&D in national priorities

In the context of clean energy, the manifesto states they will explore innovative solutions such as mine-water heating networks, using former coal mines to deliver affordable low-carbon heat to nearby communities.

The Welsh Greens commit to creating a fully funded National Cancer strategy and addressing gaps in the evidence base particularly for secondary or metastatic cancer.

Welsh Liberal Democrats

Support for R&D

The Welsh Liberal Democrat manifesto includes several examples of support for R&D in Wales, including saying they will invest in innovation and call on the UK Government to increase Wales’s share of UK Research & Development funding.

Universities, higher education and skills

The Welsh Liberal Democrats state they will empower Welsh universities to be the drivers of research and innovation for a modern and ambitious Wales. The manifesto acknowledges the challenges facing universities and says the party will support and safeguard their future. It outlines plans to work with the UK Government to reverse changes to national insurance and the international student levy, and to create a network of regional innovation centres ensuring regions can support university-industry collaboration with state-of-the-art research facilities.

They set out measures to strengthen Wales’s skills pipeline and alignment, stating they will create regional engineering and technical skills hubs aligned with employer demand, expand support for lifelong learning, and that they will invest in apprenticeships and training to deepen connections between colleges and universities to support research, innovation, and address skills shortages for ‘new’ jobs and technologies.

Business R&D

The manifesto sets out several measures that may support R&D businesses including improving access to capital for innovative businesses to scale up and create more jobs, incentives for businesses to make the most of new technology, revising procurement rules for government funded products and services to support Welsh SMEs and introducing a dedicated Welsh Industrial Strategy focused on entrepreneurship, innovation and building on Wales’s industrial strengths.

R&D in national priorities

R&D in the energy sector may benefit from the Welsh Liberal Democrats commitments to clean energy initiatives such as investing in cheap renewables, supporting floating offshore wind technology, supporting tidal and hydro power, piloting projects on green hydrogen, driving a “roof top solar revolution” and protecting funding for small-scale hydro projects.